Illustration: OVD-Info
Russian courts regularly impose fines and other penalties under the article on incitement of hatred and enmity (Article 20.3.1 of the Code of Administrative Offences). Formally, this article was introduced to protect vulnerable groups, but it is used not only against xenophobic statements, but also for criticism of the authorities and law enforcement officers. OVD-Info collects information on such cases of prosecution. Previous materials on this topic can be read here.